What is IPv6? Successor of currently used IP Version 4 Specified 1995 in RFC? 2460 Why? Address space in IPv4 too small Advantages? stateless autoconfiguration multicast obligatorisch IPsec obligatorisch Mobile IP QoS ? Address Renumbering? Multihoming? AddressScopes? smaller routing tables through G simplified l3 header 64bit aligned no checksum (l4 or l2) no fragmentation at router Disadvantages Not widely deployed yet In most cases access only possible using manual tunnel OS support not ideal in most cases W2k? Linux has support, but no IPsec in official tree -> USAGI *BSD: full support (KAME Application support not ideal in most cases not supported: supported: bind8/9, apache Deployment Experimental 6bone (3ffe::) has been active since 199x. Uses slightly different Addressing Architecture (RFC2471) Why isn't it widely used yet? No immediate need in Europe / North America Big deployment cost at ISP's (Training, Routers, ..) Technical: Address Space IP Version 6 Addressing Architecture (RFC2373) Format prefix, variable length 001: RFC2374 addresses, 1/8 of address space 0000 001: Reserved for NSAP (1/128) 0000 010: Reserved for IPX (1/128) 1111 1110 10: link-local unicast addresses (1/1024) 1111 1110 11: site-local unicast addresses (1/1024) 1111 1111: multicast addresses 1111 1111 flgs scop flgs (0: well-known, 1:transient) scop (0: reserved, 1: node-local, 2: link-local, 5: site-local, 8: organization-local, e: global scope, f: reserved) Aggregatable Global Unicast Address Format (RFC2374) 3bit FP (format prefix = 001) 13bit TLA ID - Top-Level Aggregation ID 13bit Sub-TLA - Sub-TLA Aggergation ID 19bit NLA - Next-Level Aggregation ID 16bit SLA - Site-Level Aggregation ID 64bit Interface ID - derived from 48bit ethernet MAC 2001:0000::/29 - 2001:01f8::/29 IANA 2001:0200::/29 - 2001:03f8::/29 APNIC 2001:0400::/29 - 2001:05f8::/29 ARIN 2001:0600::/29 - 2001:07f8::/29 RIPE loopback ::1 unspecified: ::0 embedded ipv4 IPv4-compatible address: 0::xxxx:xxxx IPv4-mapped IPv4 (IPv4 only node): 0::ffff:xxxx:xxxx anycast allocated from unicast addresses only subnet-router anycast address predefined (prefix::0000) Technical: Header 4bit Version: 6 8bit Traffic Class 20bit Flow Label 16bit Payload Length (incl. extension hdrs) 8bit next header (same values like IPv4, RF1700 et seq.) 8bit hop limit (TTL) 128bit source address 128bit dest address extension headers: hop-by-hop options routing fragment destination options authentication encapsulating security payload Technical: Layer 2 <-> Address mapping Ethernet: No more ARP, everything within ICMPv6 No Broadcast, everything built using multicast. all-nodes multicast address ff02::1 all-routers multicast address ff02::2 Technical: Address Configuration router discovery routers periodically send router advertisements hosts can send router solicitation to explicitly request RADV prefix discovery router includes prefix(es) in ICMPv6 router advertisements other nodes receive prefix advertisements and derive their final address from prefix + EUI64 of MAC address