% $Header: /cvsroot/latex-beamer/latex-beamer/solutions/conference-talks/conference-ornate-20min.en.tex,v 1.7 2007/01/28 20:48:23 tantau Exp $

\documentclass{beamer}

% This file is a solution template for:

% - Talk at a conference/colloquium.
% - Talk length is about 20min.
% - Style is ornate.



% Copyright 2004 by Till Tantau <tantau@users.sourceforge.net>.
%
% In principle, this file can be redistributed and/or modified under
% the terms of the GNU Public License, version 2.
%
% However, this file is supposed to be a template to be modified
% for your own needs. For this reason, if you use this file as a
% template and not specifically distribute it as part of a another
% package/program, I grant the extra permission to freely copy and
% modify this file as you see fit and even to delete this copyright
% notice. 


\mode<presentation>
{
  \usetheme{Warsaw}
  % or ...

  \setbeamercovered{transparent}
  % or whatever (possibly just delete it)
}


\usepackage[english]{babel}
% or whatever

\usepackage[latin1]{inputenc}
% or whatever

\usepackage{times}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
% Or whatever. Note that the encoding and the font should match. If T1
% does not look nice, try deleting the line with the fontenc.


\title{GNU GPL License Compliance}

\subtitle
{Current issues and Outlook}

\author{Harald Welte}

\institute
{gpl-violations.org\\gnumonks.org\\hmw-consulting.de}
% - Use the \inst command only if there are several affiliations.
% - Keep it simple, no one is interested in your street address.

\date[September 2011] % (optional, should be abbreviation of conference name)
{September 2011}
% - Either use conference name or its abbreviation.
% - Not really informative to the audience, more for people (including
%   yourself) who are reading the slides online

\subject{Embedded Linux}
% This is only inserted into the PDF information catalog. Can be left
% out. 



% If you have a file called "university-logo-filename.xxx", where xxx
% is a graphic format that can be processed by latex or pdflatex,
% resp., then you can add a logo as follows:

% \pgfdeclareimage[height=0.5cm]{university-logo}{university-logo-filename}
% \logo{\pgfuseimage{university-logo}}



% Delete this, if you do not want the table of contents to pop up at
% the beginning of each subsection:
%\AtBeginSubsection[]
%{
%  \begin{frame}<beamer>{Outline}
%    \tableofcontents[currentsection,currentsubsection]
%  \end{frame}
%}


% If you wish to uncover everything in a step-wise fashion, uncomment
% the following command: 

%\beamerdefaultoverlayspecification{<+->}


\begin{document}

\begin{frame}
  \titlepage
\end{frame}

\begin{frame}{Outline}
  \tableofcontents
  % You might wish to add the option [pausesections]
\end{frame}


% Structuring a talk is a difficult task and the following structure
% may not be suitable. Here are some rules that apply for this
% solution: 

% - Exactly two or three sections (other than the summary).
% - At *most* three subsections per section.
% - Talk about 30s to 2min per frame. So there should be between about
%   15 and 30 frames, all told.

% - A conference audience is likely to know very little of what you
%   are going to talk about. So *simplify*!
% - In a 20min talk, getting the main ideas across is hard
%   enough. Leave out details, even if it means being less precise than
%   you think necessary.
% - If you omit details that are vital to the proof/implementation,
%   just say so once. Everybody will be happy with that.

\begin{frame}{About the speaker}
\begin{itemize}
\item Linux user since 1994
\item Linux kernel development since 1999
\item GNU GPL license enforcement since 2003
\item IT security expert, network protocol security
\item Board-level Electrical Engineering
\item System-level Software for PPC, ARM, x86
\item IANAL, but companies not complying with the license forced me to spend lots of time with legal issues
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}


\section{What happened so far}

\subsection{Historical development}

\begin{frame}{Historical development}
\begin{itemize}
	\item 1970ies: Softare becomes copyrightable
	\item 1980ies: GNU project, GPLv1
	\item 1990ies: Linux kernel, GPLv2, servers
	\item 2000s: Linux and FOSS is everywhere
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}

\subsection{FOSS is everywhere}

\begin{frame}{Linux and Free Software (FOSS) everywhere}
\begin{figure}[h]
\centering
\includegraphics[width=100mm]{linux_netfilter_singapore_entertainment.jpg}
\end{figure}
\end{frame}

\subsection{GPL enforcement}

\begin{frame}{GPL enforcement}
\begin{itemize}
	\item Before 2003: Mostly Free Software Foundation
	\item 2003-now: gpl-violations.org (Europe), ~ 200 cases
	\item 2008-now: SFLC (United States)
	\item publicly invisible enforcement
	\begin{itemize}
		\item e.g. MySQL (dual-licensing)
		\item e.g. Asterisk (dual-licensing)
	\end{itemize}
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}

\section{Fewer blatant violations}

\begin{frame}{Fewer blatant GPL violations}
In recent years,
\begin{itemize}
	\item most companies understand they have to care about compliance
	\item most products ship with written offer, license text
	\item some form of source code is provided
\end{itemize}
so where's the problem?
\end{frame}

\begin{frame}{Problem with current source code offers}
The problem is:
\begin{itemize}
	\item source code is often incorrect
	\item source code is often incomplete
	\item source code is often missing for firmware updates
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}

\begin{frame}{The License is a tool, not an end in itself!}
\begin{itemize}
	\item GPL created by demand from Engineers, not Lawyers
	\item Idea: Protect freedom of code and users
	\item Community based, collaborative development
	\item Industry should think about how they engange with the
community in a productive way, {\em beyond mere license compliance}
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}

\section{New interesting legal case in Germany}
\begin{frame}{New interesting legal case in Germany}
\begin{itemize}
	\item DSL router vendor (AVM) is using GPL code (Linux kernel, etc.)
	\item 3rd party company (Cybits) is creating additional software to be
installed onto the DSL router
	\begin{itemize}
		\item Only GPL licensed components are modified
	\end{itemize}
	\item AVM sues Cybits over {\em modification of its firmware}
	\item gpl-violations.org intervenes on defendant's side
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}

\begin{frame}{AVM ./. Cybits}
Significance of this {\em AVM ./. Cybits} case
\begin{itemize}
	\item GPL was created to enable and encourage innovation
	\item Innovation can not be restricted to vendor
	\item Everyone (customer, 3rd parties, ...) have right to make and distribute modified versions
	\item Levels the playing field, encourages competition, prevents monopolies
	\item Homebrew 3rd party firmware projects like OpenWRT, Cyanogenmod are widely used
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}

\section{Outlook}

\begin{frame}{Outlook}
    \begin{itemize}
    \item
      Blatant GPL violations in embedded devices are declining, but are likely to continue due to lack of skill or negligence.
    \item
      We'll see more {\em derivative works} types of GPL violations, and we'll see actual legal enforcement and precedent in this area over the next years.
    \item
      Stronger copyright protection demanded by content industry will also mean stronger protection for FOSS licenses.  Imagine GPL enforcement with {\em three strikes} law in France ?!?
    \end{itemize}
\end{frame}

\end{document}