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authorHarald Welte <laforge@gnumonks.org>2015-10-25 21:00:20 +0100
committerHarald Welte <laforge@gnumonks.org>2015-10-25 21:00:20 +0100
commitfca59bea770346cf1c1f9b0e00cb48a61b44a8f3 (patch)
treea2011270df48d3501892ac1a56015c8be57e8a7d /2002/ipv6-ccc2002
import of old now defunct presentation slides svn repo
Diffstat (limited to '2002/ipv6-ccc2002')
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-rw-r--r--2002/ipv6-ccc2002/topics114
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diff --git a/2002/ipv6-ccc2002/ipv6-ccc2002.mgp b/2002/ipv6-ccc2002/ipv6-ccc2002.mgp
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+%include "default.mgp"
+%default 1 bgrad
+%deffont "typewriter" tfont "MONOTYPE.TTF"
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%page
+%nodefault
+%back "blue"
+
+%center
+%size 7
+
+
+IPv6 Introduction
+
+
+%center
+%size 4
+by
+
+Harald Welte <laforge@rfc2460.org>
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%page
+IPv6 Introduction
+What? Why?
+
+
+ What is IPv6?
+
+ Successor of currently used IP Version 4
+ Specified 1995 in RFC 2460
+
+ Why?
+
+ Address space in IPv4 too small
+ Routing tables too large
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%page
+IPv6 Introduction
+Advantages
+
+
+ Advantages
+
+ stateless autoconfiguration
+ multicast obligatory
+ IPsec obligatory
+ Mobile IP
+
+ Address renumbering
+ Multihoming
+ Multiple address scopes
+ smaller routing tables through aggregatable allocation
+
+ simplified l3 header
+ 64bit aligned
+ no checksum (l4 or l2)
+ no fragmentation at router
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%page
+IPv6 Introduction
+Disadvantages
+
+ Disadvantages
+ Not widely deployed yet
+ In most cases access only possible using manual tunnel
+ OS support not ideal in most cases
+ W2k: IPv6 available from MSi
+ Windows XP: IPv6 included
+ Linux has support, but some flaws (no IPsec, ndisc not fully implemented, ...)
+ *BSD: full support (KAME)
+ Solaris: full support
+ Application support not ideal in most cases
+ not supported: postfix, current squid, inn, proftpd,
+ supported: bind8/9, apache, openssh, xinetd, rsync, squid-2.5(CVS), exim, zmailer, sendmail, qmail, inn-2.4(CVS), zebra
+
+ Conclusion: Circular dependencies
+ no application support without OS support
+ no good OS support without applications
+ no wide deployment without applications
+ no applications without deployment
+ no deployment without applications
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%page
+IPv6 Introduction
+Deployment
+
+
+ Experimental (6bone)
+ Experimental 6bone (3ffe::) has been active since 1995.
+ Uses slightly different Addressing Architecture (RFC2471)
+
+ Production (2001::)
+ Initial TLA's and sub-TLA's assigned in Sept 2000
+ Mostly used in education+research
+ Some commercial ISP's in .de are offering production prefixes
+
+ Why isn't IPv6 widely used yet?
+ No immediate need in Europe / North America
+ Big deployment cost at ISP's (Training, Routers, ..)
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%page
+IPv6 Introduction
+Technical: Address Space
+
+ IP Version 6 Addressing Architecture (RFC2373)
+ Format prefix, variable length
+ 001: RFC2374 addresses, 1/8 of address space
+ 0000 001: Reserved for NSAP (1/128)
+ 0000 010: Reserved for IPX (1/128)
+ 1111 1110 10: link-local unicast addresses (1/1024)
+ 1111 1110 11: site-local unicast addresses (1/1024)
+ 1111 1111 flgs scop: multicast addresses
+ flgs (0: well-known, 1:transient)
+ scop (0: reserved, 1: node-local, 2: link-local, 5: site-local, 8: organization-local, e: global scope, f: reserved)
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%page
+IPv6 Introduction
+Technical: Address Space
+
+ Aggregatable Global Unicast Address Format (RFC2374)
+ 3bit FP (format prefix = 001)
+ 13bit TLA ID - Top-Level Aggregation ID
+ 13bit Sub-TLA - Sub-TLA Aggergation ID
+ 19bit NLA - Next-Level Aggregation ID
+ 16bit SLA - Site-Level Aggregation ID
+ 64bit Interface ID - derived from 48bit ethernet MAC
+ Initial subTLA-Assignments
+ 2001:0000::/29 - 2001:01f8::/29 IANA
+ 2001:0200::/29 - 2001:03f8::/29 APNIC
+ 2001:0400::/29 - 2001:05f8::/29 ARIN
+ 2001:0600::/29 - 2001:07f8::/29 RIPE
+ loopback ::1
+ unspecified: ::0
+ embedded ipv4
+ IPv4-compatible address: 0::xxxx:xxxx
+ IPv4-mapped IPv4 (IPv4 only node): 0::ffff:xxxx:xxxx
+ anycast
+ allocated from unicast addresses
+ only subnet-router anycast address predefined (prefix::0000)
+
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%page
+IPv6 Introduction
+Technical: Header
+
+%font "typewriter"
+%size 3
+ +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
+ |Version| Traffic Class | Flow Label |
+ +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
+ | Payload Length | Next Header | Hop Limit |
+ +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
+ + Source Address +
+ +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
+ + Destination Address +
+ +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
+%font "standard"
+ 4bit Version: 6
+ 8bit Traffic Class
+ 20bit Flow Label
+ 16bit Payload Length (incl. extension hdrs)
+ 8bit next header (same values like IPv4, RFC1700 et seq.)
+ 8bit hop limit (TTL)
+ 128bit source address
+ 128bit dest address
+ extension headers:
+ hop-by-hop options
+ routing
+ fragment
+ destination options
+ IPsec (AH/ESP)
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%page
+IPv6 Introduction
+Technical: Layer 2 <-> Address mapping
+
+
+ Ethernet: No more ARP, everything within ICMPv6
+ No Broadcast, everything built using multicast.
+
+ all-nodes multicast address ff02::1
+ all-routers multicast address ff02::2
+
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%page
+IPv6 Introduction
+Technical: Address Configuration
+
+
+ router discovery
+ routers periodically send router advertisements
+ hosts can send router solicitation to explicitly request RADV
+
+ prefix discovery
+ router includes prefix(es) in ICMPv6 router advertisements
+ other nodes receive prefix advertisements and derive their final address from prefix + EUI64 of MAC address
+
+ neighbour discovery
+ machines can discover it's neighbours without advertising router
+
+
+%page
+IPv6 Introduction
+How to get connected
+
+ In case of static IPv4 address
+ SIT (ipv6-in-ipv4) tunnel possible
+ http://www.join.uni-muenster.de/
+
+ In case of dynamic IPv4 address
+ ppp (ipv6 over ppp) tunnel (pptp, l2tp) possible
+ sitctrl (linux <-> linux)
+ atncp (*NIX), http://www.dhis.org/atncp/
+
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%page
+IPv6 Introduction
+Further Reading
+
+ http://www.ipv6-net.org/ (deutsches IPv6 forum)
+ http://www.6bone.net/ (ipv6 testing backbone)
+ http://www.freenet6.net/ (free tunnel broker)
+ http://hs247.com/ (list of tunnel brokers)
+
+ http://www.bieringer.de/ (ipv6 for linux)
+ http://www.linux-ipv6.org/ (improved ipv6 for linux)
+ http://www.kame.net/ (ipv6 for *BDS)
+ http://www.join.uni-muenster.de/ (ipv6 at DFN/WiN)
+
+ http://www.gnumonks.org/ (slides of this presentation)
+
+ And of course, all relevant RFC's
+
diff --git a/2002/ipv6-ccc2002/topics b/2002/ipv6-ccc2002/topics
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..da33a44
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2002/ipv6-ccc2002/topics
@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+What is IPv6?
+ Successor of currently used IP Version 4
+ Specified 1995 in RFC? 2460
+Why?
+ Address space in IPv4 too small
+
+Advantages?
+ stateless autoconfiguration
+ multicast obligatorisch
+ IPsec obligatorisch
+ Mobile IP
+ QoS ?
+
+ Address Renumbering?
+ Multihoming?
+ AddressScopes?
+ smaller routing tables through G
+
+ simplified l3 header
+ 64bit aligned
+ no checksum (l4 or l2)
+ no fragmentation at router
+
+Disadvantages
+ Not widely deployed yet
+ In most cases access only possible using manual tunnel
+ OS support not ideal in most cases
+ W2k?
+ Linux has support, but no IPsec in official tree -> USAGI
+ *BSD: full support (KAME
+ Application support not ideal in most cases
+ not supported:
+ supported: bind8/9, apache
+
+Deployment
+ Experimental 6bone (3ffe::) has been active since 199x.
+ Uses slightly different Addressing Architecture (RFC2471)
+
+Why isn't it widely used yet?
+ No immediate need in Europe / North America
+ Big deployment cost at ISP's (Training, Routers, ..)
+
+Technical: Address Space
+ IP Version 6 Addressing Architecture (RFC2373)
+ Format prefix, variable length
+ 001: RFC2374 addresses, 1/8 of address space
+ 0000 001: Reserved for NSAP (1/128)
+ 0000 010: Reserved for IPX (1/128)
+ 1111 1110 10: link-local unicast addresses (1/1024)
+ 1111 1110 11: site-local unicast addresses (1/1024)
+ 1111 1111: multicast addresses
+ 1111 1111 flgs scop
+ flgs (0: well-known, 1:transient)
+ scop (0: reserved, 1: node-local, 2: link-local, 5: site-local, 8: organization-local, e: global scope, f: reserved)
+ Aggregatable Global Unicast Address Format (RFC2374)
+ 3bit FP (format prefix = 001)
+ 13bit TLA ID - Top-Level Aggregation ID
+ 13bit Sub-TLA - Sub-TLA Aggergation ID
+ 19bit NLA - Next-Level Aggregation ID
+ 16bit SLA - Site-Level Aggregation ID
+ 64bit Interface ID - derived from 48bit ethernet MAC
+
+ 2001:0000::/29 - 2001:01f8::/29 IANA
+ 2001:0200::/29 - 2001:03f8::/29 APNIC
+ 2001:0400::/29 - 2001:05f8::/29 ARIN
+ 2001:0600::/29 - 2001:07f8::/29 RIPE
+ loopback
+ ::1
+ unspecified:
+ ::0
+ embedded ipv4
+ IPv4-compatible address: 0::xxxx:xxxx
+ IPv4-mapped IPv4 (IPv4 only node): 0::ffff:xxxx:xxxx
+ anycast
+ allocated from unicast addresses
+ only subnet-router anycast address predefined (prefix::0000)
+
+
+Technical: Header
+
+ 4bit Version: 6
+ 8bit Traffic Class
+ 20bit Flow Label
+ 16bit Payload Length (incl. extension hdrs)
+ 8bit next header (same values like IPv4, RF1700 et seq.)
+ 8bit hop limit (TTL)
+ 128bit source address
+ 128bit dest address
+
+ extension headers:
+ hop-by-hop options
+ routing
+ fragment
+ destination options
+ authentication
+ encapsulating security payload
+
+Technical: Layer 2 <-> Address mapping
+ Ethernet: No more ARP, everything within ICMPv6
+ No Broadcast, everything built using multicast.
+
+ all-nodes multicast address ff02::1
+ all-routers multicast address ff02::2
+
+
+Technical: Address Configuration
+ router discovery
+ routers periodically send router advertisements
+ hosts can send router solicitation to explicitly request RADV
+ prefix discovery
+ router includes prefix(es) in ICMPv6 router advertisements
+ other nodes receive prefix advertisements and derive their final address from prefix + EUI64 of MAC address
+
+
personal git repositories of Harald Welte. Your mileage may vary