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+What is IPv6?
+ Successor of currently used IP Version 4
+ Specified 1995 in RFC? 2460
+Why?
+ Address space in IPv4 too small
+
+Advantages?
+ stateless autoconfiguration
+ multicast obligatorisch
+ IPsec obligatorisch
+ Mobile IP
+ QoS ?
+
+ Address Renumbering?
+ Multihoming?
+ AddressScopes?
+ smaller routing tables through G
+
+ simplified l3 header
+ 64bit aligned
+ no checksum (l4 or l2)
+ no fragmentation at router
+
+Disadvantages
+ Not widely deployed yet
+ In most cases access only possible using manual tunnel
+ OS support not ideal in most cases
+ W2k?
+ Linux has support, but no IPsec in official tree -> USAGI
+ *BSD: full support (KAME
+ Application support not ideal in most cases
+ not supported:
+ supported: bind8/9, apache
+
+Deployment
+ Experimental 6bone (3ffe::) has been active since 199x.
+ Uses slightly different Addressing Architecture (RFC2471)
+
+Why isn't it widely used yet?
+ No immediate need in Europe / North America
+ Big deployment cost at ISP's (Training, Routers, ..)
+
+Technical: Address Space
+ IP Version 6 Addressing Architecture (RFC2373)
+ Format prefix, variable length
+ 001: RFC2374 addresses, 1/8 of address space
+ 0000 001: Reserved for NSAP (1/128)
+ 0000 010: Reserved for IPX (1/128)
+ 1111 1110 10: link-local unicast addresses (1/1024)
+ 1111 1110 11: site-local unicast addresses (1/1024)
+ 1111 1111: multicast addresses
+ 1111 1111 flgs scop
+ flgs (0: well-known, 1:transient)
+ scop (0: reserved, 1: node-local, 2: link-local, 5: site-local, 8: organization-local, e: global scope, f: reserved)
+ Aggregatable Global Unicast Address Format (RFC2374)
+ 3bit FP (format prefix = 001)
+ 13bit TLA ID - Top-Level Aggregation ID
+ 13bit Sub-TLA - Sub-TLA Aggergation ID
+ 19bit NLA - Next-Level Aggregation ID
+ 16bit SLA - Site-Level Aggregation ID
+ 64bit Interface ID - derived from 48bit ethernet MAC
+
+ 2001:0000::/29 - 2001:01f8::/29 IANA
+ 2001:0200::/29 - 2001:03f8::/29 APNIC
+ 2001:0400::/29 - 2001:05f8::/29 ARIN
+ 2001:0600::/29 - 2001:07f8::/29 RIPE
+ loopback
+ ::1
+ unspecified:
+ ::0
+ embedded ipv4
+ IPv4-compatible address: 0::xxxx:xxxx
+ IPv4-mapped IPv4 (IPv4 only node): 0::ffff:xxxx:xxxx
+ anycast
+ allocated from unicast addresses
+ only subnet-router anycast address predefined (prefix::0000)
+
+
+Technical: Header
+
+ 4bit Version: 6
+ 8bit Traffic Class
+ 20bit Flow Label
+ 16bit Payload Length (incl. extension hdrs)
+ 8bit next header (same values like IPv4, RF1700 et seq.)
+ 8bit hop limit (TTL)
+ 128bit source address
+ 128bit dest address
+
+ extension headers:
+ hop-by-hop options
+ routing
+ fragment
+ destination options
+ authentication
+ encapsulating security payload
+
+Technical: Layer 2 <-> Address mapping
+ Ethernet: No more ARP, everything within ICMPv6
+ No Broadcast, everything built using multicast.
+
+ all-nodes multicast address ff02::1
+ all-routers multicast address ff02::2
+
+
+Technical: Address Configuration
+ router discovery
+ routers periodically send router advertisements
+ hosts can send router solicitation to explicitly request RADV
+ prefix discovery
+ router includes prefix(es) in ICMPv6 router advertisements
+ other nodes receive prefix advertisements and derive their final address from prefix + EUI64 of MAC address
+
+
personal git repositories of Harald Welte. Your mileage may vary