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%include "default.mgp"
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%page
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%size 7
How to interact with the
Free Software Community
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by
Harald Welte <laforge@hmw-consulting.de>
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%page
How to interact with the Free Software Community
Contents
Introduction
What is Free Software?
What is the FOSS Community?
People / Groups involved
Development Process
Motivations
FOSS likes
FOSS disliks
Weak Points
Practical Rules
Thanks
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%page
How to interact with the Free Software Community
Introduction
Who is speaking to you?
an independent Free Software developer, consultant and trainer
who is a member of the free software community for 10 years
who has a background in both the community and the corporate crowd
who will therefore not have fancy animated slides ;)
Why is he speaking to you?
because every working day he suffers the lack of understanding between the community and the business world
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%page
How to interact with the Free Software Community
What is Free Software?
Software that is
available in source code
is licensed in a way to allow unlimited distribution
allows modifications, and distribution of modifications
is not freeware, but copyrighted work
subject to license conditions, like any proprietary software
READ THE LICENSE
What is Open Source?
Practically speaking, not much difference
Remainder of this presentation will use the term FOSS (Free and Open Source Software)
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%page
How to interact with the Free Software Community
What is the FOSS Community?
Diverse
any individual can contribute
no formal membership required
every project has it's own culture, rules, ...
International
the internet boosted FOSS development
very common to have developers from all continents closely working together
Evolutionary
developers come and go, as their time permits
projects evolve over time, based on individual contributions
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%page
How to interact with the Free Software Community
People / Groups involved
Really depends on size of projects
Small projects often a one-man show
Bigger project have groups / subgroups
Common Terms / Definitions
Maintainer
The person who formally maintains a project
Core Team / Steering Committee
A group of skilled developers who make important decisions
Subsystem Maintainer
Somebody who is responsible for a particular sub-project
Developer Community
All developers involved with a project
User Community
Users of the software who often share their experience with others
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%page
How to interact with the Free Software Community
Development Process
"Rough concensus and running code"
Decisions made by technically most skilled people
Reputaion based hierarchy
Direct Communication between developers
Not driven by size of a target market
Release early, release often
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%page
How to interact with the Free Software Community
Motivations
gaining reputation (like in the scientific community)
gaining development experience with real-world software
solving problems that the author encounters on his computer
fighting for free software as ideology
work in creative environment with skilled people and no managers ;)
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%page
How to interact with the Free Software Community
FOSS Community likes
generic solutions
portable code
vendor-independent architecture
clean code (coding style!)
open standards
good technical documentation
raw hardware, no bundle of hardware and software sold as solution
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%page
How to interact with the Free Software Community
FOSS Community dislikes
monopolistic structures
e.g. intel-centrism
closed 'industry forums' with rediculous fees
e.g. Infiniband, SD Card Association
standard documents that cost rediculous fees
NDA's, if they prevent development of FOSS
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%page
How to interact with the Free Software Community
Weak Ponts of FOSS
often way behind schedule (if there is any)
already too late when projects start
started when there already is a real need
often a lack of (good) documentation
programmers write code, not enduser docs...
strong in infrastructure, weak in applications
traditionally developers interested in very technical stuff
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%page
How to interact with the Free Software Community
Practical Rules
1. Much more communication
It's not a consumer/producer model, but cooperative!
Before you start implementation, talk to project maintainers
It's likely that someone has tried a similar thing before
It's likely that project maintainers have already an idea how to proceed with implementation
Avoid later hazzles when you want your code merged upstream
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%page
How to interact with the Free Software Community
Practical Rules
2. Interfaces
If there is a standard interface, use it
Don't invent new interfaces, try to extend existing ones
If there is an existing interface in a later (e.g. development) release upstream, backport that interface
Don't be afraid to touch API's if they're inefficient
Remember, you have the source and _can_ change them
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%page
How to interact with the Free Software Community
Practical Rules
3. Merge your code upstream
Initially you basically create a fork
Development of upstream project continues sometimes at high speed
If you keep it out of tree for too long time, conflicts arise
Submissions might get rejected in the first round
Cleanups needed, in coordination with upstream project
Code will eventually get merged
No further maintainance needed for synchronization between your contribution and the ongoing upstream development
Don't be surprised if your code won't be accepted if you didn't discuss it with maintainers upfront and they don't like your implementation
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%page
How to interact with the Free Software Community
Practical Rules
4. Write portable code
don't assume you're on 32bit cpu
don't assume you're on little endian
if you use assembly optimized code, put it in a plugin
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%page
How to interact with the Free Software Community
Practical Rules
5. Write clean code
as opposed to closed-source software, people actually read it
it will be noticed if coding style is bad
lots of projects have official CodingStyle rules
if you comment, do it only in english!
don't clutter hardware/product specific hacks over common code
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%page
How to interact with the Free Software Community
Practical Rules
6. Binary-only software will not be accepted
yes, there are corner cases like FTC regulation on softradios
but as a general rule of thumb, the community will not consider object code as a solution to any problem
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%page
How to interact with the Free Software Community
Practical Rules
7. Avoid fancy business models
If you ship the same hardware with two different drivers (half featured and full-featured), any free software will likely make full features available on that hardware.
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%page
How to interact with the Free Software Community
Practical Rules
8. Show your support for the Community
By visibly contributing to the project
discussions
code
equipment
By funding developer meetings
By making cheap hardware offers to developers
By contracting / sponsoring / hiring developers from the community
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%page
GNU GPL - Copyright helps Copyleft
Thanks
Thanks to
Alan Cox, Alexey Kuznetsov, David Miller, Andi Kleen
for implementing (one of?) the world's best TCP/IP stacks
Paul 'Rusty' Russell
for starting the netfilter/iptables project
for trusting me to maintain it today
Astaro AG
for sponsoring parts of my netfilter work
Free Software Foundation
for the GNU Project
for the GNU General Public License
%size 3
The slides of this presentation are available at http://www.gnumonks.org/
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