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OpenMoko
What, Why and How
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by
Harald Welte <laforge@openmoko.org>
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OpenMoko
Contents
Introduction
What is Free Software?
What is the FOSS Community?
People / Groups involved
Development Process
Motivations
FOSS likes
FOSS disliks
Weak Points
Practical Rules
Thanks
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OpenMoko
Introduction
Who is speaking to you?
an independent Free Software developer, consultant and trainer
who is a member of the free software community for 10 years
who has worked a lot on the Linux kernel
who had originally started OpenEZX for Motorola phones
and who was Lead System Architect for OpenMoko until early November 2007
Why is he speaking to you?
because every working day he suffers the lack of understanding between the community and the business world
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OpenMoko
Neo1973 GTA01 hardware
Neo1973 GTA01 hardware
SC2410 SoC @ 266MHz
480x640 LCM, 262k colors
128MB SDRAM
64MB SLC NAND (512/16k)
USB 1.1 device and host (unpowered)
A-GPS (without processor)
GSM+GPRS chipset (ARM7 based)
2 stereo speakers (1.2W)
CSR4 based Bluetooth
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OpenMoko
Application Processor
Closer look at Application Processor
SC2410 SoC @ 266MHz
three UART's
133MHz SDRAM interface
66MHz external bus
Two channels SPI
IIS
I2C
SDIO
TFT controller
NAND controller
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OpenMoko
GSM Modem
Closer look at the GSM Modem
Ti Calypso/Iota based chipset
As proprietary as any other phone
runs proprietary nucleus OS
runs proprietary GSM stack
Supports GSM voice/data/fax and GPRS
Quad-Band GSM
Very good TS 07.05 / 07.07 / 07.10 compliance
eveyone can download the protocol docs from ETSI.org
no user/hacker needs access to NDA'd documents
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OpenMoko
Free Software stack
Free Software stack
bootloader: u-boot current git
kernel: linux 2.6.20.4
xserver: kdrive
glibc
glib
gtk+
libmokoui
libmokocore
libgsmd / gsmd
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OpenMoko
Development Model
Development Model
We actively contribute our code upstream
e.g. kernel goal: make vanilla 2.6.22 kernel have all drivers
Our build system is public
Everyone can rebuild everything
cross-toolchain
u-boot / kernel image
application/library packages
Based on OpenEmbedded (OE)
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OpenMoko
Hackable Device
Hackable Device
The device shall be under full user control
Everyone should be able to hack it, at any level
hardware hacking (i2c, spi, gpio on test pads / connector)
system-level hacking (bootloader, OS)
UI level hacking
Make entry barrier for development as easy as possible
bootloader prompt via USB serial emulation
Serial console
JTAG for the people
Provide Debug Board with embedded USB JTAG + serial adapter
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OpenMoko
Standards compliance
Standards compliance
We use open/documented/available standards wherever possible
Use official USB device firmware upgrade protocol
Have charger behave 100% to USB spec (100/500mA)
Use GSM chipset that follows GSM 07.07/07.10 closely
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OpenMoko
User control
User control
The phone needs to be under control of the user, and the free software he uses
Even backdoors or rogue GSM firmware shall not be able to intrude the privacy fo the user
So we e.g. put the Audio codec (under explicit control from the Linux-running AP) between microphone/speaker and the GSM modem
So we enable the Linux-running AP to cut power of the GSM modem
Thus, free software (and thus the user) remains in ultimate control
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OpenMoko
GSM Integration
Application Processor GSM integration
kernel line discipline implementation for GSM 07.10
userspace GSM daemon with unix domain socket
libgsmd with API for applications
lightweight, doesn't have _any_ dependencies aside from glibc
we're working on gobject integration on top
kernel part scheduled for mainline submission
will support different phones / gsm chipsets
Various HTC devices with Linux
Motorola EZX phones using OpenEZX
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OpenMoko
Difference
Difference from other Linux phones
'others' discourage third parties from writing apps
you need explicit permission? WTF!
'others' try to make customers pay for a device that's still under manufacturer / GSM operator control
'others' use proprietary kernel modules
locks you into some old kernel version
'others' use proprietary bootloaders
'others' dont give you JTAG/serial access
'others' use proprietary UI toolkits
vendor lock-in
'others' dont give out their build system
'others' dont give out their firmware update tools
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OpenMoko
Hardware ahead
GTA02
Same case / physical size
Same screen
Same GPS
Samsung S3C2442 at 400MHz
More NAND (256MB)
Will have WiFi (802.11b/g)
Might have EDGE
Better Power management
Dedicated graphics processor
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OpenMoko
Hardware ahead
GTA03
not public yet :)
GTX01
not public yet :)
GTX02
not public yet :)
All of them really exciting. Stay tuned :)
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OpenMoko
Thanks
Thanks to
Alan Cox, Alexey Kuznetsov, David Miller, Andi Kleen
for implementing (one of?) the world's best TCP/IP stacks
Paul 'Rusty' Russell
for starting the netfilter/iptables project
for trusting me to maintain it today
Astaro AG
for sponsoring parts of my netfilter work
Free Software Foundation
for the GNU Project
for the GNU General Public License
FIC
for funding OpenMoko
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