1 files changed, 395 insertions, 28 deletions
diff --git a/2017/bbs_early_internet-34c3/bbs_early_internet.html b/2017/bbs_early_internet-34c3/bbs_early_internet.html
index bacb74e..a1fc9df 100644
--- a/2017/bbs_early_internet-34c3/bbs_early_internet.html
+++ b/2017/bbs_early_internet-34c3/bbs_early_internet.html
@@ -3869,6 +3869,53 @@ setTimeout(w3c_slidy.hide_slides, 50);
 <span id="author">Harald Welte &lt;laforge@gnumonks.org&gt;</span><br />
 </div>
 <div class="sect1 slide">
+<h1 id="_introduction">Introduction</h1>
+<div class="sectionbody" style="max-width:45em">
+<ul class=" incremental">
+<li>
+<span>
+this is not a high-tech talk
+</span>
+</li>
+<li>
+<span>
+way fewer acronyms than in mots of my other talks
+</span>
+</li>
+<li>
+<span>
+I didn&#8217;t invent any of the technologies covered
+</span>
+</li>
+<li>
+<span>
+I didn&#8217;t write any of the software covered
+</span>
+</li>
+<li>
+<span>
+Just a mere user and operator/sysadming
+</span>
+</li>
+<li>
+<span>
+.. this is the world I grew up in (age 11 onwards)
+</span>
+</li>
+<li>
+<span>
+very limited information available in literature and on the WWW
+</span>
+</li>
+<li>
+<span>
+lots of younger members of our community lack this history
+</span>
+</li>
+</ul>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class="sect1 slide incremental">
 <h1 id="_circuit_switched_telephony">Circuit Switched Telephony</h1>
 <div class="sectionbody" style="max-width:45em">
 <ul class="">
@@ -3911,19 +3958,50 @@ Telephone
 </li>
 <li>
 <span>
-Copper wire
+Copper wire[s]
 </span>
 </li>
 <li>
 <span>
-Telephone Exchange
+Telephone Exchange[s]
+</span>
+</li>
+</ul>
+<div class="paragraph"><p><span class="image">
+<img src="images/pots_fig10.2.png" alt="images/pots_fig10.2.png" width="80%" />
+</span></p></div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class="sect1 slide">
+<h1 id="_phone_charges">Phone Charges</h1>
+<div class="sectionbody" style="max-width:45em">
+<div class="paragraph"><p>In Germany during the 80ies and 90ies</p></div>
+<ul class="">
+<li>
+<span>
+even local calls were metered / charged
+</span>
+</li>
+<li>
+<span>
+flat rates didn&#8217;t exist
+</span>
+</li>
+<li>
+<span>
+various zones between local and long distance
+</span>
+</li>
+<li>
+<span>
+not many people could afford long distance BBSing
 </span>
 </li>
 </ul>
 </div>
 </div>
 <div class="sect1 slide">
-<h1 id="_accoustic_coupler">Accoustic Coupler</h1>
+<h1 id="_acoustic_coupler">Acoustic Coupler</h1>
 <div class="sectionbody" style="max-width:45em">
 <ul class="">
 <li>
@@ -3950,11 +4028,11 @@ After call was established, both sides put receiver into coupler
 <div class="sect1 slide">
 <h1 id="_modems">Modems</h1>
 <div class="sectionbody" style="max-width:45em">
-<div class="paragraph"><p>Automatization of the accoustic coupler</p></div>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>Automation of the acoustic coupler</p></div>
 <ul class="">
 <li>
 <span>
-Avoid speaker/micrphone path
+Avoid <em>air gap</em> speaker/microphone path
 </span>
 </li>
 <li>
@@ -3969,6 +4047,14 @@ directly dial the phone number / answer the line
 </li>
 </ul>
 <div class="paragraph"><p><span class="image">
+<img src="images/analogm.png" alt="images/analogm.png" width="80%" />
+</span></p></div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class="sect1 slide">
+<h1 id="_modems_2">Modems</h1>
+<div class="sectionbody" style="max-width:45em">
+<div class="paragraph"><p><span class="image">
 <img src="images/Modems.jpg" alt="images/Modems.jpg" width="50%" />
 </span></p></div>
 </div>
@@ -4058,6 +4144,44 @@ offering interactive service to users who dial in
 </span>
 </li>
 </ul>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>To operate a BBS, you had to have</p></div>
+<ul class="">
+<li>
+<span>
+a separate/dedicated computer
+</span>
+<ul class="">
+<li>
+<span>
+most BBS software predated/predates multi-tasking OSs
+</span>
+</li>
+</ul>
+</li>
+<li>
+<span>
+running 24/7
+</span>
+</li>
+<li>
+<span>
+attached to separate / dedicated phone line
+</span>
+</li>
+</ul>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>To use a BBS, you</p></div>
+<ul class="">
+<li>
+<span>
+power your computer when using it
+</span>
+</li>
+<li>
+<span>
+can share your regular phone line with the modem
+</span>
+</li>
+</ul>
 </div>
 </div>
 <div class="sect1 slide">
@@ -4106,7 +4230,7 @@ Both sides: Computer + Modem
 </li>
 <li>
 <span>
-BBS Side
+BBS Side Software
 </span>
 <ul class="">
 <li>
@@ -4116,14 +4240,14 @@ BBS Software
 </li>
 <li>
 <span>
-often extended by "doors" (external programs, think of CGI for web)
+often extended by "doors" (external programs, think of CGI in Web)
 </span>
 </li>
 </ul>
 </li>
 <li>
 <span>
-User Side
+User Side Software
 </span>
 <ul class="">
 <li>
@@ -4140,6 +4264,20 @@ Terminal Program (e.g. TELIX, Telemate for DOS)
 </div>
 </div>
 <div class="sect1 slide">
+<h1 id="_demo">Demo</h1>
+<div class="sectionbody" style="max-width:45em">
+<div class="paragraph"><p>Time for a demo</p></div>
+<div class="admonitionblock">
+<table><tr>
+<td class="icon">
+<div class="title">Note</div>
+</td>
+<td class="content">I&#8217;m using telnet instead of modem/dialup (POTS lines hard to find these days)</td>
+</tr></table>
+</div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class="sect1 slide">
 <h1 id="_the_bbs_protocol_stack">The "BBS Protocol Stack"</h1>
 <div class="sectionbody" style="max-width:45em">
 <div class="paragraph"><p>In the spirit of protocol stack diagrams&#8230;</p></div>
@@ -4256,6 +4394,7 @@ BBS can scale to more users this way
 <div class="sect1 slide">
 <h1 id="_bbs_networks_store_forward">BBS networks (store + forward)</h1>
 <div class="sectionbody" style="max-width:45em">
+<div class="paragraph"><p>As opposed to individual BBSs with isolated communities&#8230;</p></div>
 <div class="paragraph"><p>Idea: Replicate bulletin / message boards between independent BBSs, for</p></div>
 <ul class="">
 <li>
@@ -4349,24 +4488,24 @@ Starts in 1984 with two BBSs
 </li>
 <li>
 <span>
-Initial limit of 250 nodes reached in 1985
+Initial technological limit of 250 nodes reached in 1985
 </span>
 </li>
 <li>
 <span>
-Hierarchic, Regoinal routing/Adressing introduced in 1986
+Hierarchic, Regional routing/Addressing introduced in 1986
 </span>
 <ul class="">
 <li>
 <span>
-Nodelist defines all nodes of the network + hierarchy
+<em>Nodelist</em> defines all nodes of the network + hierarchy
 </span>
 </li>
 </ul>
 </li>
 <li>
 <span>
-Addresses like "Harald Welte @ 2:2490/1343"
+Addresses like <strong>Harald Welte @ 2:2490/1343</strong>
 </span>
 </li>
 <li>
@@ -4405,7 +4544,7 @@ CrossPoint (DOS) most popular point software for ZConnect
 </li>
 <li>
 <span>
-Addresses like <a href="mailto:H.WELTE@SILVER">H.WELTE@SILVER</a>, later <a href="mailto:H.WELTE@SILVER.zer">H.WELTE@SILVER.zer</a>
+Addresses like <strong>H.WELTE@SILVER</strong>, later <strong>H.WELTE@SILVER.zer</strong>
 </span>
 </li>
 </ul>
@@ -4422,12 +4561,12 @@ Established in 1980 in the US
 </li>
 <li>
 <span>
-Uses UUCP (Unix-to-Unix-Copy) as transport mechanism over Modmes
+Uses UUCP (Unix-to-Unix-Copy) as transport mechanism over Modems
 </span>
 <ul class="">
 <li>
 <span>
-UUCP was created in the 1970ies and used to copy files, including Internet Mal
+UUCP was created in the 1970ies and used to copy files, including Internet Mail
 </span>
 </li>
 </ul>
@@ -4439,9 +4578,21 @@ Usenet News format (RFC850) designed very similar to Internet Mail (RFC822)
 </li>
 <li>
 <span>
-Hierarchy of News Groups that gets replicated / flooded accross the network
+Hierarchy of News Groups that gets replicated / flooded across the network, e.g.
+</span>
+<ul class="">
+<li>
+<span>
+comp.* — Discussion of computer-related topics like &#8220;comp.lang.c++&#8221;
+</span>
+</li>
+<li>
+<span>
+sci.* — Discussion of scientific subjects
 </span>
 </li>
+</ul>
+</li>
 <li>
 <span>
 Routing defined in route maps
@@ -4453,7 +4604,7 @@ Routing defined in route maps
 <div class="sect1 slide">
 <h1 id="_curiosity_floppy_poll_point">Curiosity: Floppy Poll/Point</h1>
 <div class="sectionbody" style="max-width:45em">
-<ul class="">
+<ul class=" incremental">
 <li>
 <span>
 Not everyone had a phone line in the 1990ies
@@ -4468,7 +4619,7 @@ particularly Eastern Germany had big lack of phone lines
 </li>
 <li>
 <span>
-Some people thus exchanged daily floppies in evenlopes and mailed them as postal letters
+Some people thus exchanged daily floppies in envelopes and mailed them as postal letters
 </span>
 </li>
 <li>
@@ -4555,7 +4706,69 @@ you could run SLIP on both sides, transporting IP over the modem line
 <ul class="">
 <li>
 <span>
-IP. At home. In your apartment !!1!
+Result: IP. At home. In your apartment !!1!
+</span>
+</li>
+</ul>
+</li>
+<li>
+<span>
+later superseded by PPP (auto-configuration, authentication, compression, &#8230;)
+</span>
+</li>
+</ul>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>Popular software stack looked like:</p></div>
+<ul class="">
+<li>
+<span>
+Windows 3.11 + Trumpet Winsock (Windows didn&#8217;t have TCP/IP!)
+</span>
+</li>
+<li>
+<span>
+NCSA Mosaic as web-1.0 browser (1993 onwards)
+</span>
+</li>
+</ul>
+<div class="paragraph"><p><span class="image">
+<img src="images/mosaic.jpg" alt="images/mosaic.jpg" />
+</span></p></div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class="sect1 slide">
+<h1 id="_internet_on_pcs_before_linux">Internet on PCs before Linux</h1>
+<div class="sectionbody" style="max-width:45em">
+<ul class="">
+<li>
+<span>
+if you didn&#8217;t have a 386 or if Linux didn&#8217;t exist yet
+</span>
+</li>
+<li>
+<span>
+there was KA9Q NOS
+</span>
+<ul class="">
+<li>
+<span>
+Implementation of TCP/IP, SLIP, PPP for CP/M and DOS
+</span>
+</li>
+<li>
+<span>
+POP3 + SMTP server + client, IP routing, telnet, ARP, etc.
+</span>
+</li>
+</ul>
+</li>
+<li>
+<span>
+you could run SLIP on both sides, transporting IP over the modem line
+</span>
+<ul class="">
+<li>
+<span>
+Result: IP. At home. In your apartment !!1!
 </span>
 </li>
 </ul>
@@ -4670,7 +4883,7 @@ Grass-Roots groups of enthusiasts established themselves
 </li>
 <li>
 <span>
-Kommunikationsnetz Franken e.V. (KNF, franken.de) one of them
+Kommunikationsnetz Franken e.V. (KNF, &#8220;franken.de&#8221;) one of them
 </span>
 <ul class="">
 <li>
@@ -4739,7 +4952,7 @@ commercial ISPs were widespread, and
 </li>
 <li>
 <span>
-remaining IN member organizations could get decend connectivity with IN e.V.
+remaining IN member organizations could get decent connectivity with IN e.V.
 </span>
 </li>
 </ul>
@@ -4779,7 +4992,7 @@ Telephone operator permanently interconnects wires at exchange
 </li>
 <li>
 <span>
-No signaling (dialtone/ringtone etc)
+No signaling (dial tone, ring tone etc)
 </span>
 </li>
 <li>
@@ -4794,7 +5007,7 @@ ATA without an incoming ring first
 </li>
 <li>
 <span>
-ATD without a dialtone first
+ATD without a dial tone first
 </span>
 </li>
 </ul>
@@ -4833,6 +5046,14 @@ I finally could afford one in 1998
 </div>
 </div>
 <div class="sect1 slide">
+<h1 id="_hub_nbg_franken_de_1998_2">hub-nbg.franken.de, 1998</h1>
+<div class="sectionbody" style="max-width:45em">
+<div class="paragraph"><p><span class="image">
+<img src="images/pict4_Lg.jpg" alt="images/pict4_Lg.jpg" />
+</span></p></div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class="sect1 slide">
 <h1 id="_isdn_leased_lines_spv">ISDN Leased Lines "SPV"</h1>
 <div class="sectionbody" style="max-width:45em">
 <ul class="">
@@ -4850,6 +5071,13 @@ Basically only "flat rate calls" to one specific (fixed) destination
 <span>
 Available in national 1TR6 only
 </span>
+<ul class="">
+<li>
+<span>
+some of them operated until 2006
+</span>
+</li>
+</ul>
 </li>
 </ul>
 </div>
@@ -4903,9 +5131,17 @@ Special ISDN routers without signaling to use even 16k D-channel for data!
 </div>
 </div>
 <div class="sect1 slide">
+<h1 id="_hub_fue_franken_de_undated_2">hub-fue.franken.de, undated</h1>
+<div class="sectionbody" style="max-width:45em">
+<div class="paragraph"><p><span class="image">
+<img src="images/hub-fue-04_Lg.jpg" alt="images/hub-fue-04_Lg.jpg" />
+</span></p></div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class="sect1 slide">
 <h1 id="_abusing_analog_lines_part_2">Abusing Analog Lines, Part 2</h1>
 <div class="sectionbody" style="max-width:45em">
-<div class="paragraph"><p>When the first DSL modems became availale in the US</p></div>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>When the first DSL modems became available in the US</p></div>
 <ul class="">
 <li>
 <span>
@@ -4914,7 +5150,7 @@ we imported some Ascend DSLpipe
 </li>
 <li>
 <span>
-with some fimrwares, they could be used back-to-back (without DSLAM)
+with some firmwares, they could be used back-to-back (without DSLAM)
 </span>
 </li>
 <li>
@@ -4990,12 +5226,53 @@ people started to dial into CompuServe, AOL, etc.
 </li>
 <li>
 <span>
-Internet became more popluar, Falken&#8217;s Maze started subsidiary in Nuernberg
+Internet became more popular, Falken&#8217;s Maze started subsidiary in Nuernberg
+</span>
+<ul class="">
+<li>
+<span>
+ISDN SPV was used as Internet uplink
+</span>
+</li>
+</ul>
+</li>
+</ul>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class="sect1 slide">
+<h1 id="_summary">Summary</h1>
+<div class="sectionbody" style="max-width:45em">
+<ul class="">
+<li>
+<span>
+The first decade[s] of wide-area electronics communications
+</span>
+<ul class="">
+<li>
+<span>
+were powered by a community of enthusiasts
+</span>
+</li>
+<li>
+<span>
+largely motivated by non-commercial motives
+</span>
+</li>
+<li>
+<span>
+without much corporate or government influence
+</span>
+</li>
+</ul>
+</li>
+<li>
+<span>
+BBS community / culture is a distinct sub-culture.
 </span>
 <ul class="">
 <li>
 <span>
-ISDN SPV was used as Intenret uplink
+different norms than HAM radio, Hackers, Free Software, but some of overlap
 </span>
 </li>
 </ul>
@@ -5004,6 +5281,35 @@ ISDN SPV was used as Intenret uplink
 </div>
 </div>
 <div class="sect1 slide">
+<h1 id="_conclusions">Conclusions</h1>
+<div class="sectionbody" style="max-width:45em">
+<div class="paragraph"><p>In the BBS days</p></div>
+<ul class="">
+<li>
+<span>
+networks were distributed, without single point of failure
+</span>
+</li>
+<li>
+<span>
+infrastructure <strong>owned and operated by its users</strong>
+</span>
+</li>
+<li>
+<span>
+connection speeds were largely symmetric
+</span>
+</li>
+<li>
+<span>
+no data center vs. consumer separation with asymmetric speeds
+</span>
+</li>
+</ul>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>This autonomy and de-centralization has been lost in the Internet age</p></div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class="sect1 slide">
 <h1 id="_further_reading">Further Reading</h1>
 <div class="sectionbody" style="max-width:45em">
 <ul class="">
@@ -5045,6 +5351,18 @@ Archive of ANSI Artwork
 </li>
 <li>
 <span>
+<a href="https://artpacks.org/">https://artpacks.org/</a>
+</span>
+<ul class="">
+<li>
+<span>
+Another Archive of ANSI Artwork
+</span>
+</li>
+</ul>
+</li>
+<li>
+<span>
 <a href="http://www.filegate.net/nodelist/">http://www.filegate.net/nodelist/</a>
 </span>
 <ul class="">
@@ -5055,13 +5373,62 @@ FIDO nodelist of 2017
 </li>
 </ul>
 </li>
+<li>
+<span>
+<a href="http://www.ka9q.net/code/ka9qnos/">http://www.ka9q.net/code/ka9qnos/</a>
+</span>
+<ul class="">
+<li>
+<span>
+Phil Karn&#8217;s page on KA9Q NOS
+</span>
+</li>
+</ul>
+</li>
+</ul>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class="sect1 slide">
+<h1 id="_thanks">Thanks</h1>
+<div class="sectionbody" style="max-width:45em">
+<ul class="">
+<li>
+<span>
+my uncle for giving me his old Olivetti acoustic coupler in 1990
+</span>
+</li>
+<li>
+<span>
+Josef Groll, SysOp of SILVER.zer / SILVER.nbg.sub.org
+</span>
+</li>
+<li>
+<span>
+Max Riegel, Martin Bokaemper, Joerg Kinzebach and KNF crew
+</span>
+</li>
+<li>
+<span>
+Reinhold "unhold" Pretscher for Falken&#8217;s Maze
+</span>
+</li>
+<li>
+<span>
+All sotware developers of BBS related software
+</span>
+</li>
+<li>
+<span>
+All SysOps that made the BBS community possible
+</span>
+</li>
 </ul>
 </div>
 </div>
 <div class="sect1 slide">
 <h1 id="_eof">EOF</h1>
 <div class="sectionbody" style="max-width:45em">
-<div class="paragraph"><p>End of File</p></div>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>NO CARRIER</p></div>
 </div>
 </div>
 </body>